Blood Reviews RSS feed: Articles in Press. This respected international journal, Blood Reviews , is a vital information resource, bringing together appraisals of clinical practice, and research from recognized experts. Specially commissioned articles from leading researchers and practitioners guarantee truly global coverage of all the sub-specialties of hematology. Blood Reviews publishes review articles covering the spectrum of clinical and laboratory haematological practice and research. Although most reviews are invited, the editors welcome suggestions from potential authors. They should first write a brief outline of an intended review and send this to Dr Trevor Baglin or to Dr Jacob M Rowe. http://www.bloodreviews.com//inpress?rss=yesElsevier Inc.en © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Blood Reviews0268-960X2012-01-16 © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. healthpermissions@elsevier.comhttp://www.bloodreviews.com/article/PIIS0268960X11000932/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Central nervous system (CNS) relapse is an uncommon devastating complication of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) that usually occurs within 2years from initial diagnosis. Its pathophysiology is poorly understood and there is no consensus on the definition of high-risk patients for CNS relapse. Consequently, an empirical and highly variable practice of chemoprophylaxis is employed. In this review we critically appraise the available literature in order to address issues related to ineffectiveness of current paradigms of chemoprophylaxis. The commonly used prophylaxis is derived from past experience with childhood acute leukemia where most early CNS relapses are leptomeningeal. In contrast, CNS involvement in DLBCL affects brain parenchyma in almost 60% of cases and thus intrathecal prophylaxis remains ineffective. We propose that CNS relapse in DLBCL is sometimes related to occult malignant cells present in the CNS at diagnosis. In others, CNS relapse is likely due to a later acquisition of CNS-penetrating subtypes of malignant clones. With lack of evidence for occult CNS involvement no strong indication currently exist that any form of chemoprophylaxis is beneficial. Future directions for evaluation and treatment of CNS disease are outlined. This complex and intriguing topic should be ideally investigated by prospective trials.CNS prophylaxis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: If, when, how and for whom? - Corrected ProofTali Siegal, Neta Goldschmidt10.1016/j.blre.2011.12.001Blood Reviews (2012)2012-01-16Blood Reviews2012-01-16REVIEW